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Forestry 2007 80(3):241-252; doi:10.1093/forestry/cpm018
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© Crown Copyright 2007. Reproduced with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office.

Woodland vegetation and its implications for archaeological survey using LiDAR

P Crow1,*, S Benham1, BJ Devereux2 and GS Amable2

1 Environmental and Human Sciences Division, Forest Research, Alice Holt Lodge, Wrecclesham, Farnham, Surrey GU10 4LH, UK
2 Unit for Landscape Modelling, University of Cambridge, Sir William Hardy Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QB, UK

* Corresponding author. E-mail: peter.crow{at}forestry.gsi.gov.uk


  Abstract

Archaeological surveys in woodland have always been problematic and many woodlands contain an unrecorded archaeological resource. For other types of rural landscape, aerial photographs are often used to map archaeological features but woodland cover has always impeded such disclosure. Remote sensing methods are rapidly evolving and are used both within forestry and archaeological disciplines for a range of applications. This paper considers the exciting application of the remote sensing technique of airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) to reveal archaeological evidence previously hidden below a woodland canopy. Our research shows how different types of woodland canopy and understorey vegetation greatly influence the effectiveness of the LiDAR to perform these surveys. A simple, visual vegetation mapping assessment is tested and its ability to predict the potential of the LiDAR considered. This work highlights the importance of vegetation awareness when considering both a new LiDAR survey for a woodland, and when interpreting the data. Simple estimates of LiDAR penetration of the woodland canopy and understorey vegetation can be used to predict the effectiveness of a LiDAR survey in disclosing archaeological evidence and aid the interpretation of results.

Received 18 September 2006.
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