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Forestry Advance Access originally published online on September 5, 2005
Forestry 2005 78(4):443-450; doi:10.1093/forestry/cpi032
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© Institute of Chartered Foresters, 2005. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

Research Notes

Response of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) seedlings to canopy gap size

Masoud Tabari1,*, Payam Fayaz2, Kambiz Espahbodi3, Jeroen Staelens4 and Lieven Nachtergale4

1 Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources & Marin Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modarres, Noor, Iran
2 Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran
3 Research Centre of Animal Affairs and Natural Resources of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran
4 Laboratory of Forestry, Faculty of Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Gontrode, Belgium

* Corresponding author. E-mail: masoudtabari{at}yahoo.com

The response of nursery seedlings and wildings of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) to canopy gap size was studied in a climax beech forest in northern Iran with respect to seedling survival, shoot growth and vitality. These parameters were followed for 2 years after planting in gaps of 50, 200 and 600 m2, as well as in the open field. Foliage coloration was used as a criterion for vitality. The survival rate of nursery seedlings and wildings dropped rapidly with increasing gap size from 84 per cent in 50-m2 canopy openings to ~55 per cent in the 600-m2 gaps and the open field 2 years after planting. Shoot growth of wildings and nursery seedlings differed in response to gap size variation. Shoot growth of wildings was higher in small gaps than in larger openings, whereas for nursery seedlings the inverse was observed. Most beech seedlings were not discoloured or slightly discoloured under gaps of 50, 200 and 600 m2 and were slightly to moderately discoloured in the open. There was a general tendency for higher discoloration in larger openings. It is concluded that small non-regenerated canopy gaps (≤200 m2) of beech forests in northern Iran can be restored by planting beech wildings as well as nursery seedlings in small openings, whereas nursery seedlings are preferred in larger gaps (≥600 m2).


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