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Forestry Advance Access originally published online on May 23, 2005
Forestry 2005 78(3):229-238; doi:10.1093/forestry/cpi021
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© Institute of Chartered Foresters, 2005. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

The relative efficacy of herbicides for the control of Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. in woodland establishment in the UK

F.L. Dixon1, D.V. Clay1 and I. Willoughby2,*

1 Avon Vegetation Research Limited, PO Box 1033, Nailsea, Bristol BS48 4FH, England
2 Forestry Commission Research Agency, Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham, Surrey GU10 4LH, England

* Corresponding author. E-mail: ian.willoughby{at}forestry.gsi.gov.uk

Deschampsia flexuosa is a commonly occurring calcifuge grass which can be detrimental to tree regeneration. In the work reported here, two experiments using pot-grown plants and one field experiment were set up to investigate the relative efficacy of various herbicides in controlling D. flexuosa. Cycloxydim, glyphosate and imazapyr applied in the summer killed virtually all pot-grown plants of D. flexuosa within 1 year of treatment. Hexazinone and propyzamide were also effective at the recommended doses. Mixture B enhanced the efficacy of several herbicide treatments but pre-spraying plant moisture stress had no effect on subsequent herbicide activity. Cycloxydim and imazapyr applied in spring or summer gave excellent long-term control in the field. It is concluded that if non-chemical approaches such as canopy manipulation or cultivation fail to give adequate control of D. flexuosa and herbicide use becomes necessary to allow tree regeneration, then cycloxydim applied at 0.45 kg a.i. ha–1 appears to be an effective alternative to the use of more broad-spectrum products, and gives very good tree tolerance. If herbicide use is required prior to tree establishment, glyphosate may be a cheaper option and will control a broader spectrum of weeds, although it is slightly less effective than cycloxydim on D. flexuosa.

Received 10 February 2004.
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