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Forestry 1989 62(3):249-267; doi:10.1093/forestry/62.3.249
© 1989 by Institute of Chartered Foresters
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Vegetation and Environment in Afforested Sand Dunes at Newborough, Anglesey

M. O. HILL1 and H. L. WALLACE2

1 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Monks Wood Experimental Station Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon, PE17 2LS, England
2 Bangor Research Station Penrhos Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2LQ, Wales

Newborough Forest was planted with pines, chiefly Corsican pine, during the period 1947–65. In 1986, its soils and vegetation were surveyed and related to the preplanting condition of the dunes, inferred from air photographs. The youngest dunes contained 4 per cent calcium carbonate in the top 30cm; the oldest were acid, with no free calcium carbonate. There was little acidification of the soil and no extra leaching of calcium carbonate due to the pines. Vegetation under trees varied according to the age and pH of the dunes. Young dunes were almost bare except for moss; older dunes had been colonized by ferns and brambles. All plant species of the original open dune system had apparently survived in unplanted slacks or on road verges; some had increased. Many new species had invaded, including woodland mosses, ferns, orchids and two species of Pyrola.


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